Upper Mustang Trek: Into Nepal’s Forbidden Kingdom

Upper Mustang is unlike anywhere else in Nepal. This restricted-area trek leads into the rain-shadow desert north of the Annapurna range, where a medieval Tibetan kingdom survived until 2008. The landscape is otherworldly — red rock canyons, ancient cave dwellings, and the walled city of Lo Manthang.

The Route

The 10-14 day trek starts in Jomsom (flight from Pokhara) and follows the Kali Gandaki river north. The trail crosses several high passes (4000m+) and stays above 3000m throughout. Lo Manthang (3840m) is the destination — a walled city with the King’s palace and four ancient gompas.

Why Mustang?

Upper Mustang offers Tibetan Buddhist culture unchanged for centuries, surreal desert landscapes, ancient cave systems, and almost no other trekkers. It’s also one of the few treks that can be done comfortably during monsoon (June-September) since it’s in the rain shadow.

Permits

The Upper Mustang Restricted Area Permit costs USD 500 for 10 days and USD 50 per additional day. You also need the Annapurna Conservation Area Permit (NPR 3000) and a licensed guide. Minimum group size is 2.

Gear

Mustang is windy and dusty with big day-night temperature swings. You need a windproof shell, Cat 4 sunglasses, a Buff for dust, a -5°C sleeping bag, and a sun hat. Our Upper Mustang package is USD 20/day.

Best Time

June to September (monsoon season) is actually ideal — Mustang gets almost no rain. Spring (April-May) and autumn (October) also work but are colder.